Gaza Gripped by Crisis
by Stephen Lendman
February 22, 2012
Punishing
years under siege, Cast Lead's devastation, and regular IDF air, land
and sea attacks took a terrible toll on Gazans physically, economically
and emotionally.
In
2010, Doctors Without Borders (Medicine Sans Frontiers) said over half
of children under age 12 need mental health help. Moreover, one-third of
cases are severe.
Gaza
Community Mental Health Program PR Director Husam El Nounou blamed
crisis conditions on closure and regular Israeli attacks. Begun in 1993,
it stiffened markedly after the second Intifada began.
Following
Hamas' January 2006 legislative victory, harsher people traffic and
goods restrictions were imposed. In June 2007, siege compounded partial
isolation. As a result, hopelessness, virtual imprisonment, and regular
Israeli attacks affect all Gazans, especially young children and youths.
According to Husam:
"The
effect is most felt by those who are in greatest need of travel such as
students studying abroad, the sick requiring medical attention
unavailable in Gaza, and people whose work requires them to travel or
trade in exports and imports."
The
World Health Organization (WHO) calls the link between physical and
mental health well documented. Closure caused food shortages.
Nutritional deficiencies and poor physical health resulted. In
combination with inadequate healthcare and other deprivation, emotional
problems developed.
Without
imports and spare parts, sanitation facilities can't operate properly.
According to a Gaza Mental Health Community Program study, mental health
outcomes deteriorated markedly in the past five years. Depression
increased 17.7%, and 95% of those surveyed felt imprisoned.
Cast
Lead and regular Israeli attacks heighten crisis conditions. Over 82%
of Gazan children felt endangered during Cast Lead. Two-thirds fear more
war, and over 40% want revenge.
Other
research found similar results. Islamic University in Gaza's Jameel
Tahrawi analyzed children's drawings. He found over 82% related to Cast
Lead. A comparable UN study found two-thirds of respondents experienced
worse health outcomes since the war. In most cases, it's emotionally
related.
According to Husam, "(w)omen especially tend to bury mental health problems as they may reduce chances of marriage."
In
contrast, men become more violent. Women and children bear the brunt.
Children are less attentive in school. Their educational outcomes and
later life opportunities suffer. Feelings of entrapment result.
Isolation
prevents overseas study to develop professional mental health skills.
To compensate, the Gaza Mental Health Program began a post graduate
mental health intervention course to train practitioners.
Nonetheless, conditions remain critical and won't improve until siege conditions and Israeli attacks end.
A Final Comment
In
mid-February, a power crisis gripped Gaza. Out of fuel, the Strip's
power plant can't operate properly. Protracted outages occurred. An
acute fuel shortage exists. Vital services can't function. Drinking
water, health and sanitation facilities are affected.
On
February 14, the Gaza Electricity Distribution Company shut down
operations. Around two-thirds of Gaza was affected. Citing unprecedented
challenges, the company said severe complications restricts daily
electricity distribution to six hours daily, followed by 18 hour
outages.
Gaza's Health Ministry declared a state of emergency. Hospital generators lack enough fuel to operate properly.
Health
Ministry's General Supplies Stores director Bassam Barhoum said long
outages combined with acute fuel shortages affect the entire Strip. The
deficit's 72%. The toll on hospitals and other healthcare facilities is
devastating.
According
to Health Ministry spokesman Ashraf al-Qidra, over 80% of patients face
deteriorating health conditions. He also warned disaster may affect all
patients in vital hospital department whose treatment depends on
dependable electricity supplies.
Those
most affected include premature incubator babies, patients suffering
renal failure, those requiring intensive care, and others needing
surgery and emergency treatment. In fact, many departments face total
paralysis if crisis conditions don't end soon.
The
Coastal Municipalities Water Utility (CMWU) warned it's unable to
supply water in proper amounts. It said despite efforts to operate wells
and pumping plants, it's impossible to do so properly under current
conditions.
Gaza's
Palestinian Energy Authority blamed lack of fuel on measures to prevent
delivery. Israel used to supply industrial fuel. Frequent border
crossing closures, denial of regular supplies, and high prices got the
Palestinian Energy Authority to stop Israeli imports in January 2011.
Instead,
it relies on Egyptian supplies. Much comes smuggled through tunnels.
Egypt agreed to supply more. On February 20, limited amounts arrived.
Egyptian authorities pledged much more and would begin pumping 500,000
liters daily followed by another 100,000 for gas stations within days.
They
also pledged to increase electricity supplies to 22 megawatts from 17
megawatts supplied free. Moreover, a deal struck with Egypt will
increase electricity flows to 62 megawatts within two to four months.
In
addition, emergency diesel will be provided. Egypt's electricity and
power minister Hassan Younes said "(t)he increase comes in the framework
of a quick attempt to relieve the suffering of the Palestinian people."
Regular
shipments will arrive by truck through Israeli controlled Kerem Shalom
crossing. Hamas fears it will restrict supplies to inflict punishment.
Gaza's
Energy Authority director Omar Katana hopes crisis condition will be
resolved shortly. Egypt agreed to help. A joint Egyptian-Palestinian
committee was formed to examine best ways to deliver fuel through
"official channels."
Various
power routes are being considered. In addition, expanding power line
capacity and rehabilitating Gaza's power plant take on urgency.
Meanwhile,
crisis conditions still exist. Operating normally under siege is
impossible. Israel's closure prevents imports of vital equipment and
spare parts needed for maintenance and upgrades.
At
full capacity, Gaza's power plant produces 80 megawatts of electricity.
Katana hopes planned cross border transmission capability increases
will boost it to 300 megawatts.
Costing
$50 million, it requires 18 months or longer to "resolve the Gaza
problem once in for all" provided Israel doesn't wage war and destroy
it.
Earlier Gaza Blackouts
Following
Gilad Shalit's June 2006 capture, Israel bombed Gaza's power plant,
destroying its transformers. The damage was never fully repaired.
Current capacity combined with purchased electricity supplies only 62%
of Gaza's needs.
In
October 2007, Israel restricted fuel transfers, including industrial
diesel for Gaza's power plant. After months of shortages and outages,
supplies came through tunnels at lower prices.
In
2010, after EU diesel fuel payments stopped, Hamas bought supplies from
Egypt. However, no formal agreement was reached. So Egypt can cut or
stop supplies if it wishes.
Moreover,
Fatah and Hamas dispute responsibility for Gaza's energy. Agreed
reconciliation didn't resolve it. In addition, tunnel supplied fuel is
cheaper than other supplies. Moreover, Israel controls three border
crossings, including for fuel. Kerem Shalom isn't designed for its
transfer and has limited capacity.
If
Fatah and Hamas can resolve differences and Israel doesn't impose
punitive restrictions, these obstacles can be overcome. At issue is will
all sides cooperate for the welfare of 1.7 million Gazans?
Stephen Lendman lives in Chicago and can be reached at lendmanstephen@sbcglobal.net.
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